Abstract

Purpose: Renal failure is a significant and prevalent problem in global healthcare, and dialysis is the primary intervention for end-stage renal disease. This work examines the relationship between dialysis modality and gender on the risk of developing kidney failure in Tabuk City. It is handled using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model (CPHM) and is a part of the survival analysis in nephrology.

Methodology: This research assessed 100 patients suffering from kidney failure who receive dialysis at the King Khalid Hospital in Tabuk City. Other variables of interest were dialysis type, peritoneal or Hemodialysis and Gender. The CPHM assessed the survival results considering the censored data. We also calculated hazard ratios and survival probability.

Results: The present study evaluated the effect of Peritoneal Dialysis in preventing the risk of kidney failure compared to hemodialysis using a hazard ratio of 0.436, p = 0.002. Furthermore, the males were the weaker Sex in this study as they had a significantly lower hazard rate of kidney failure than the females (hazard rate = 0.471; p = 0.006) by 52.9%. Overall survival curves also supported the better results for peritoneal dialysis and females.

Conclusion: The implications of the study stress dialysis type and gender regarding survival results, which are consistent with previous research and include regional factors. Therefore, the study's findings suggest individualized treatment strategies and multi-factorial research studies to consider more variables for accurate risk evaluation.

Keywords: Kidney Failure; Dialysis; Survival Analysis; Proportional Hazards Models; Saudi Arabia

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Citation

Elfarazdag MM Hussein., et al. “Cox Proportional Hazards Model Analysis of Kidney Failure Incidence among Dialysis Patients in Tabuk City". Clareus Scientific Medical Sciences 3.1 (2026): 08-20.

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© 2026 Elfarazdag MM Hussein., et al. Licensee Clareus Scientific Publications. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.